What is the legal term for a person who initiates a civil lawsuit?

The legal term for a person who initiates a civil lawsuit is "plaintiff." In the context of a civil case, the plaintiff is the individual or party that brings the action to court, seeking remedy or relief from the court regarding a legal grievance. This role is crucial in the judicial process, as the plaintiff establishes the basis of the claim and presents the evidence to support their case.

The plaintiff is also responsible for outlining the allegations against the opposing party, often referred to as the defendant, who is the one being accused or sued. Understanding this terminology is essential for navigating the legal system, as it lays the groundwork for understanding the roles of each party in a civil lawsuit. The other terms mentioned, while relevant to legal proceedings, refer to different parties or aspects within the judicial process.