Which of the following situations would generally require a search warrant?

Searching a person's home for evidence of a crime generally requires a search warrant due to the strong legal protections against unreasonable searches and seizures provided by the Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. This amendment establishes a legal expectation of privacy within one's home, making it necessary for law enforcement to obtain a warrant based on probable cause before conducting a search. The warrant would typically outline the specifics of the items being searched for and the areas to be searched, ensuring that the search is both reasonable and limited in scope.

In contrast, certain other situations involve exceptions to the warrant requirement. For example, searching a person's bag at a security checkpoint may fall under administrative searches, where the need for security ahead of entering a secured area often outweighs individual privacy rights. Additionally, searches incident to a lawful arrest allow officers to search individuals and the immediate vicinity without needing a warrant to ensure safety and preserve evidence. Lastly, the search of a vehicle suspected of containing contraband often allows officers to conduct a search without a warrant if there is probable cause to believe that illegal items are present. Thus, the requirement for a warrant is firmly rooted in the protection of privacy rights within one's own home, making it a critical aspect of legal searches.